As you know, the Moscow region is not the easiest region to grow fruit and berry crops, especially if we take into account the difference in seasonal temperatures and the possibility of a snowless winter. Therefore, in recent years, a large number of varieties of berry plants have been bred, with the exception of cherry. Modern breeders have created a number of varieties that are resistant to various weather diseases and fungal diseases. And if you look at these varieties of cherries in detail, you can find the one that has the taste and aroma the gardener needs, and even the one whose flowers will have decorative qualities.
The most famous varieties of bush cherries for the suburbs
Varieties of cherries adapted to the conditions of the Central region of Russia, in particular, to the Moscow region, in fact, are not so many. The state register of the country has about 37 varieties of common cherries in the Central region and only 15 varieties of felt cherries, but despite such quantities, experienced gardeners near Moscow have varieties that are not only time-tested, but have established themselves as plants with high quality yield indicators and strong immunity to various kinds of climatic conditions and diseases.
Variety Lyubskaya is a beautiful, not overgrown plant with a large number of bushy drooping shoots, from which a beautiful spreading crown is actually formed. The variety has a high self-fertility.
Many gardeners are familiar with Turgenevka (or Turgenevskaya) cherries - a variety that is characterized by a neat crown in the form of an inverted pyramid and the average growth of the tree itself.
The not-too-tall Vladimirskaya variety stands out on the form of other cherries with its bush-like branching of weeping shoots, so the tree has an extremely dense crown.
Grade | Berry ripening time | The mass of berries, g | Average Productivity | The purpose of the variety | Fungal disease immunity | Winter hardiness |
Lyubskaya | The last decade of July - the first decade of August | 4-5 | 5-6 kg per tree | Technical. | It is affected by coccomycosis and moniliosis. | Winter hardiness, increased to - 30 º C, without shelter. |
Turgenevka | July 1-20 | 4,5 | 10-12 kg per tree | Technical. | Medium susceptible to coccomycosis. | Winter hardiness of wood is high (up to -35ºС), flowering buds - medium (up to - 25º), therefore shelter is necessary. |
Vladimirskaya | From July 15 to August 20 | 2,5-3,0 | 6-10 kg per tree | Universal. | Affected by coccomycosis. | Winter hardiness of wood is high (up to -35ºС), flowering buds - medium (up to - 25º), therefore shelter is necessary. |
It should be noted that only Lyubskaya variety has self-pollinating ability, while Turgenevka and Vladimirskaya cherries require replanting of pollinator variety.
The earliest varieties of bush cherries
Grade | Berry ripening time | The mass of berries, g | Average Productivity | The purpose of the variety | Fungal disease immunity | Winter hardiness |
Cherry | From June 20 to mid-July | 4,4 | 38 c / ha | Universal | resistant to moniliosis | The variety is medium resistant to frost. |
Shpanka Bryansk | From June 20 to mid-July | 4 | 73 c / ha | Universal | Resistant to fungal diseases. | The variety is able to tolerate severe frosts, sometimes up to - 40 º C. |
Sania | From June 25 to the 20th of July | 3,7 | 75.7 kg / ha | Dining room | There is immunity to moniliosis and coccomycosis. | Winter hardiness is above average, can withstand up to -25 º C, but flower buds can die, but tolerates frost frosts on the soil. |
Crimson | From the last decade of June to the 25th of July | 3,2-4,0 | 6-7 kg per tree or 5-6 t / ha | Universal | Affects Coccomycosis | Winter hardiness is above average. |
Zhivitsa | From June 25 to the end of July | 3,8 | 10-14 t / ha | Universal | Winter-hardy variety | resistant to a complex of diseases. |
The Cherry Cherry variety, which, in fact, is a hybrid of cherries and cherries, has not only rapid growth, but also a wide beautiful crown in a shape resembling a pyramid. Cherry of this variety comes into fruition in the 3rd year of its life.
Variety Spanka Bryanskaya stands out against other cherries with its rounded and elongated crown, which is much longer than the tree trunk. This ratio of a long crown to a short trunk makes an ordinary medium-sized tree unusually beautiful.
Cherry Sania is a fast-growing tree with pale brown branches. Crohn variety Sania resembles a sphere in shape.
A weakly growing tree of the Bagryannaya variety has a not very wide bushy crown of rounded shape.
Cherry Zhivitsa (or Zhivitsa also say) is a tree of medium height with a not very dense crown, the shape of which resembles a ball.
Weather resistant varieties
Grade | Winter hardiness of wood | Winter hardiness of the kidneys | Weight of berries, g | Average productivity, t / ha | Drought tolerance | Ripening start | Disease resistance | The purpose of the variety | Pollinator variety |
Youth | to -35ºС | To - 25ºС | 4,5 | 8-10 | High | From the 20th of July | Coccomycosis resistance medium | Universal. | Not needed |
Robin | up to -30ºС | To - 20ºС | 3,9 | 10-14 | Average | Last week of july | Coccomycosis resistance is below average | Technical. | Vladimirskaya, Pink bottle. |
Griot of Moscow | up to -30ºС | To - 20ºС | 3,0-3,5 | 6-8 | Average | July 15-20 | Severely affected by coccomycosis. | Mostly technical, less often table. | The bottle is Pink, Vladimirskaya, Shubinka, Shpanka Kurskaya, Orlovskaya Rannaya and some other varieties. |
Fur coat | Up to -40ºС | To - 30ºС | 2,5 | 6-12 | Low | The first of August | Coccomycosis resistance is below average | Technical | Lyubskaya, Black Shirporteb, Vladimirskaya, Moscow Griot, Sayka. |
The Youth variety is a low tree with a wide openwork crown.
Variety Robin is a medium-height tree decorated with a thick crown shaped like a sphere.
The wide crown in the form of a pyramid belongs to the variety Griot of Moscow, whose tree is characterized by strong growth.
Variety Shubinka is a tall tree with a thick weeping crown, similar in shape to a pyramid.
Video: cherry varieties adapted to the conditions of the Moscow region
Low and dwarf varieties of cherries: table
Grade | Tree height | Ripening start | The purpose of the variety | The weight of the fetus, g | Average yield | Weather resistant | Disease immunity | Variety pollinator |
Anthracite | Up to 2 m | July 16-23 | Universal | 4 | 96.3 c / ha | Winter hardiness is high. Drought tolerance is average. | Moderately resistant to coccomycosis | Not required, as the variety is partially self-fertile. |
Mtsenskaya | No more than 2 m | July 20-25 | Technical | 3,4 | 35.7 kg / ha | High winter hardiness. Drought tolerance is average. | resistant to moniliosis. | Not required, as the variety is self-fertile. |
Bystrynka | 2-2.5 m | July 8-15 | Universal | 3,6 | 38 c / ha | Frost resistance is high. Drought tolerance is below average. | The variety is resistant to diseases and pests. | Not required, as the variety is partially self-fertile. |
Tamaris | Up to 2 m | The last decade of July | Universal | 3,8-4,8 | 60-80 kg / ha | Winter hardiness is high. Drought tolerance is average. | Resistant to coccomycosis. | Zhukovskaya, Turgenevka, Lyubskaya |
Rusinka | about 2.0 m | The first decade of August. | Technical | 3 | 68.7 kg / ha | Winter hardiness is above average. Drought tolerance is average. | Moderately resistant to coccomycosis | The variety is self-fertile, so a pollinator is not needed. |
Anthracite cherry has a beautiful spreading crown of medium density.
Variety Mtsenskaya attracts the eye with its unusual oval-round crown. The stems of the plant are brown in color and vertically oriented.
Bystrinka cherries delight gardeners not only with rapid growth, but also with a natural sparse crown that looks like a ball.
Variety Tamaris is unique in its pyramidal crown, which surprises with its bizarre-sprawling branches.
Rusinka variety has a beautiful spreading crown in the shape of a sphere. The stems of the plant themselves are painted in light brown tones and directed strictly up.
The most delicious varieties of cherries for the Moscow region
Choosing a variety of cherries I want the berries to be not only healthy, but also tasty. That is why it has long been customary to plant Vladimirskaya. Its unique teaky taste is recognized by professionals as excellent, and gardeners treat her with love. Breeding work did not stand still and there were varieties to which professional tasters put the highest scores.
The undisputed leader among the most delicious is shy cherry. In spring, this medium-height tree will decorate the site with white flowers collected in inflorescences of three. The variety ripens late and is not distinguished by outstanding winter hardiness and resistance to disease. The main thing is that the large fruits of this variety will not leave anyone indifferent, if only because behind the almost black skin hides a juicy very tasty pulp of dark red color.
Due to its partial self-fertility, the Shy is rich in crops that can be served and put into workpieces.
Continues the parade of delicious cherries variety Pamyat Enikeeva.
Despite the fact that Yenikeyev’s Memory takes the second place, in reality it is an early ripening variety. It is also important that its dark red large juicy berries can be tasted already in the 4th year.
A self-fertile tree of this variety has an average winter hardiness and resistance to coccomycosis.
The medium-sized fast-growing Assol bush will continue. On 4-5-year-old shrubs of medium maturity Assol variety will appear tender juicy fruits with a pleasant acidity.
Assol bush has winter hardiness and self-fertility.
The fourth in the five is the variety Volochaevka. The fruits of Volochaevka managed to combine small size, very good taste and high content of vitamin C. The coccomycosis-resistant and winter-hardy variety Volochaevka is endowed with productivity exceeding the varieties Pamyat Enikeeva and Assol.
The last fifth place is occupied by the Shokoladnitsa variety. The last on the list, but not the last uniqueness of the cherry variety, will surprise with its fruits. The berries of the Chocolate Girl are not large, but contain more sugar and acids than the Shy, Memory of Yenikeyev, Assol and Volochaek.
Winter-hardy and partially self-fertile Chocolate Girl will delight with a large harvest every year.
Top five most delicious cherries based on data from the State Register
A place | Grade | Berry mass | Taste | Tasting rating | Solids content | Sugar content | Acid content |
1 | Shy | 4,5 g | Sweet and sour | 5 | 16,2% | 11,2% | 0,86% |
2 | Memory of Yenikeyev | 4.7 g | Sweet, with pleasant acid | 4,8 | 16,3% | 10% | 1,4% |
3 | Assol | 4.2 g | Sweet and sour with a pleasant sourness | 4,7 | 15,5% | 10,0% | 1,3% |
4 | Volochaevka | 2.7 g | Sweet and sour | 4,7 | 15,6% | 10% | 1,4% |
5 | Chocolate girl | 3 g | Sweet and sour | 4,6 | 18,4% | 12,4% | 1,6% |
Felt cherry for the Moscow region
In the gardens of the Moscow Region in the spring, you can often see small shrubs or shrubs entirely covered with white or pink flowers. Against the background of nature that has not yet awakened, early ripe varieties of felt cherries look like newcomers from fairy tales.
Early ripening varieties of cherries will be treated as first fruits at 4-5 years old, while felt varieties will please the harvest for 3-4 years. Among the greenery of the foliage, like red lights, red berries will appear. Due to the very short stalk, there is a feeling that the branches are covered with cherries. This is another decorative feature of felt cherries.
The close arrangement of fruits to branches became the basis for mistakenly reckoning felt cherries as colon-shaped plants. People draw an analogy between apples and cherries, completely forgetting that these are different genera of the same family. Therefore, they have significant differences from each other. Felt cherry fruits on annual shoots. The formation of a crown in order to create the likeness of columnar trees will lead to the pruning of fruit-bearing branches, which means a complete loss of yield. Perhaps someday breeders will bring out a columnar cherry, but for now there are none. But this does not exclude the merits of existing varieties of felt cherries.
A height of 2-3 meters, lush flowering, an unusual arrangement of brightly colored crops - these are the properties thanks to which these bushes and trees deserve special love from designers and even received recommendations from specialists. Felt will please not only with its high decorativeness.
The main thing is juicy, tasty and very healthy berries, which they will gladly eat in any form. The fruits are universal, therefore candied fruits, in confiture, in jam, in pies, and just fresh they are magnificent.
The table shows the varieties of winter-hardy felt cherries, whose berries can be consumed fresh or in cooking. These varieties are best suited for growing in the suburbs.
Grade | Beloved | Atlanta | Alice | Natalie | Delight |
Ripening period | average | late | average | average | early |
Fruiting | for the 4th year | for the 4th year | for the 3-4th year | 3-4 | for the 4th year |
Fruit color | dark pink | dark red | maroon | dark red | Bright red |
Fetal mass | 3.3 g | 2 g | 3.3 g | 4 g | 3.2 g |
Taste | sweet and sour, pleasant, harmonious | delicate, juicy, sweet and sour taste | juicy, pleasant taste | sweet and sour | Sweet and sour |
Tasting rating | 4 | 5 points | 4,5 | 4,5 | 4 |
Attitude to disease | relatively resistant to claustosporiosis | resistant to fungal diseases. | relatively stable | relatively stable | relatively resistant to fungal diseases |
Productivity | very high | average | high | high | high |
In most cases, felt cherries are self-fertile, so a pollinator is required. This problem can be easily solved if two or more bushes are planted close to each other.In this case, it is not necessary to plant two plants of the same variety, the main thing is that the ripening dates coincide. So, in a pair of Atlanta with its excellent taste, you can plant the variety Belaya. This variety will contrast in color (it matches the name), complement the crop (it has a high yield) and surpass Atlanta in vitamin C.
Video: review of felt cherries
Unusual cherries near Moscow
People like some varieties of cherries not because of the great taste of berries or a plentiful harvest, but because of the beauty of their flowering. Only two varieties of decorative purposes are adapted to the conditions of the Moscow Region.
One of these varieties is - Spring whim, which is an ellipsoidal crown with bright brownish branches. The shoots of the plant are oriented strictly up.
The Morning Cloud variety is distinguished by a beautiful openwork crown having a spheroid shape and thin drooping shoots.
Grade | Tree height, m | Crown diameter, m | Flower diameter, cm | The number of flowers in the inflorescence, pcs | Flowering time |
Spring whim | 1,5-2,0 | 1,0-1,5 | 2-2,5 | 2-3 | April 2-15 |
Morning cloud | 3,5-4,0 | 3,0-3,5 | 3,0-3,5 | 4-6 | from April 10 to April 25 |
Both varieties are highly resistant to frost and drought, as well as strong immunity to coccomycosis and monilial burn.
The opinion of gardeners near Moscow
I have a plot in the Ruza district. This spring I planted Chocolates, Shubinka and Molodezhnaya from cherries this spring. I bought seedlings from the ACS at VDNH, in space. All took root and even gave small (up to 8 cm) growths. I plan to plant a bush of felt cherry next to them. I will cover all seedlings with spruce branches
Dima
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Youth by the way I winters well. What losses I had this spring. Turgenevka and Shokoladnitsa were beaten by spring frosts, as soon as they dismissed the leaves, now we are growing anew.
S-alek
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I bought cherry “In memory of Yenikeyev” at VSTISP “Zagorye” in Biryulyovo, call the sales department, I think they will tell you about the sale this year. Cherries bear fruit in my garden: Vladimirovskaya, Muse, Pamyati Enikeeva, Volochaevka, Zagoryevskaya, Shokoladnitsa, Apukhtinskaya, Molodezhnaya. To taste (with a very good yield) I would single out Muse and Shokoladnitsa. Muse is an early variety, Shokoladnitsa is late, but we leave the birds half the crop. Tveretinovskaya I froze the next year after landing.
Marina
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Gentlemen - and I have an old variety of cherries - "shit" does not get sick of anything - in general. Sweet, juicy dark - ripens before Vladimir. Oblique cherries - an old garden. I gave it to my brother in the suburbs - the Istra district took root.
Damochka911
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So, high-quality varieties of cherries with high winter hardiness and drought tolerance are enough for every gardener in the Moscow Region to find a plant that will satisfy all his needs. It remains only to clearly determine personal requirements and wishes for the variety.